The Millennium Development Goals: Northerm Africa
The purpose of this post is to introduce the Millennium Development Goals, to then make an analysis of compliance with these objectives in North Africa.
Consequently the first thing is to define the millennium development goals. The Millennium Development Goals include the commitment made in 2000 by members of the United Nations.
The objectives set at this summit will have a deadline to be achieved by 2015. For each goal is set targets with a series of indicators capable of showing the compliance of each objective.
In 2010 the United Nations published a report on the fulfillment of the goals by the year 2010 in different regions of the world. This report was produced to coincide with the UN Summit in 2010 in New York, and served to show the way to go to reach the Millennium Development Goals by 2015 as planned.
Then I am going to show you the Millennium Development Goals and their implementation in 2010 for North Africa:
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Northern Africa is the developing region that less proportion of the population has an income less than $ 1.25 a day, with only 3% of the population living on this income. The opposite occurs in Sub-Saharian Africa where 51% of the population is below this threshold. In this sense, North Africa is very close to reaching the target set for this region of 2% of the population living on less than $ 1.25.
In the case of employment rates and productivity per worker also show positive values, the regions most affected by the global economic crisis, but in the case of North Africa in these direction indicators have little improved and are close to achieving the objectives.
In the case of hunger, North Africa population undernourished is less than 5% , this is so good.
Child underweight is on the way solution, in this sense is also one of the regions with lower rates of underweight
Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education
Most children in North Africa go to school; this is very important to get the development of the region and therefore helps to achieve the MDG.
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
In this area the indicators show almost equality in primary and secondary schooling, but as it increases the level of education is seen as inequality rises, being significantly higher than the percentage of men with higher education.
Women’s access to skilled jobs is one of the most unfavorable indicators of this objective, only 10% of the top-level jobs are filled by women.
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
North Africa is one of the region that is doing a better work in this sense, has not yet reached the target set, but mortality rate for children under age five is very close to be reduced under 20 per 1000. In 1980 this percentage was about 80 per 1000, this means that the effort made has been very big. One important factor that helps to achieve this rates are that the proportion of child’s who receive at least one dose of measles vaccine during the first 12-23 months, these rates are comparable with a develop country. Also relation with that is the education of the mothers .The education in this sense plays a big role, the child’s with mothers without education have mortality rate under age five double of one child with educated mother.
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
The proportion of deliveries attended by skilled health in the North of Africa is actually the 80%, is remarkable the increase between 1990 and 2008, in 1980 this proportion was only the 46%. Also is remarkable the decrease of young woman pregnancy, this decreases the risk of maternal deaths and it is achieved thanks to the trained health-care workers.
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria & other diseases
Understanding how to prevent transmission of HIV is the first step to avoiding infection. The education is quite important in this field, in North of Africa most of the people know how to prevent HIV/AIDS (use of condoms) and also the treatments of people who suffers AIDS/HIV has increased, specially the treatment for avoid contagious between mother and her future child. Diseases like malaria and tuberculosis (4 deaths per 100000) is not relevant in this region
Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Indicators such as the deforestation rate (low) and the rate of carbon emissions (below) show that North Africa is a region of the most sustainable. Another positive indicator is access to improved water to the population has reached the target set for 2015 (92% of the population), besides sanitation indicators are very good (Proportion of population using an improved sanitation-87% rural areas, and 95% urban areas), this contributes to the improve the health of the population, because the sanitation avoid multiple diseases.
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Only five donor countries have reached the goal of the UN in helping official, only five donor countries have reached the goal of the UN in helping officially, this is explained by the economic crisis, developed countries allocate less money to developing countries.
On the other hand, as regards access to the markets of developing countries there is good news, since the percentage of the products imported by developed countries from less developed countries has increased in recent years.
I will end my post with a desire:
I hope that changes are occurring in countries of North Africa like Egypt, Tunisia or Libya routed the establishment of democratic systems that allow develop their full potential as a sovereigns countries.
Resources:
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19 Ene 2012
por
Ruben Pardo Hernangomez
MERME /
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