The Millennium Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals are the result of the commitment made 12 years ago, in 2000, with a deadline in 2015 by the world leaders including all the United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations and reflects the efforts of these to establish the goals and targets to free humanity from extreme poverty, hunger, illiteracy and disease worldwide. These objectives emerge as a response to the chaotic world situation and in recognition that the ultimate solution must be global.

All this is summarized in eight points which are The Millennium Development Goals:

1.- Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger.

2.- Achieve universal primary education.

3.- Promote gender equality and empower woman.

4.- Reduce child mortality.

5.- Improve maternal health.

6.- Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases.

7.- Ensure environmental sustainability.

8.- Develop a global partnership for development.

This blog will consist in analyze the level of compliance these goals are in the different countries of the Eastern Asia according to The Millennium Development Goals Report 2011 of the United Nations.

1.- Regarding to the first goal: eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, there are three main objectives which are:

– Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day: in Eastern Asia this percentage was 60% in 1990 and in 2005 was 16%, so the goal is achieved.

– Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people.

– Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger: the proportion of children under age five who are underweight was 15% in Eastern Asia in 1990 and in 2006 was 6%, so the goal is also achieved.

2.- Regarding to achieve universal primary education the main objective is:

– Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling: in Eastern Asia this ratio has increased from 95 to 96 from 1999 to 2009 but still is not enough.

3.- Regarding to promote gender equality and empower woman the main objective is:

– Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015: in Eastern Asia this goal was achieved in the year 2009.

4.- Regarding to reduce child mortality the main objective is:

– Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate: in Eastern Asia this percentage was 45% in 1990 and in 2009 was 19%, so the goal is improving but it seems that it hasn´t been achieved yet.

5.- Regarding to improve maternal health there are two main objectives which are:

– Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio: in Eastern Asia this ratio has fallen from 110 to 41 from 1990 to 2008 but still is not enough to achieve the goal.

– Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health: the proportion of women (15-49 years old) attended at least once by skilled health personnel during pregnancy in Eastern Asia increased from 70% to 91% from 1990 to 2009 but still is not enough.

6.- Regarding to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases there are three main objectives which are:

– Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.

– Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it.

– Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

In Eastern Asia this isn´t a huge problem and also it´s improving.

7.- Regarding to ensure environmental sustainability there are four main objectives which are:

– Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the loss of environmental resources.

– Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss.

– Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation: the proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility is improving but still is not enough.

– By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers.

8.- Regarding to develop a global partnership for development there are four main objectives which are:

– Address the special needs of the least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island developing states.

– Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system.

– Deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt.

– In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications.

In conclusion, seeing all the different goals and objectives and the way that they are evolving in Eastern Asia, we can say that this part of the world is doing really well in general, but still has things to improve like achieving universal primary education, reducing child mortality or improving maternal health.

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